ICD-10-CM is the code set US providers use for diagnoses on every claim; ICD-10-PCS covers inpatient procedures. CMS publishes a new release each October 1 and, some years, an April update. Each release adds, revises and retires codes.
healthcare.dev loads every release, checks it against quality gates, and serves it with the release version on every response. Retired codes stay queryable with their effective dates, and as_of returns a code exactly as it was on a past date, so claims from earlier years validate against the codes that were in force.
Source: CMS and CDC NCHS. Full field reference in the docs.